The cornea, the transparent outer layer of the eye, consists of five distinct layers:
- Epithelium: The outermost layer, composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells, providing a barrier against external factors.
- Bowman’s layer: A dense, acellular layer of collagen fibers beneath the epithelium, providing strength and structure.
- Stroma: The thickest layer, composed of collagen fibers and keratocytes, making up about 90% of the cornea’s thickness.
- Descemet’s membrane: A thin, porous layer of collagen fibers produced by endothelial cells.
- Endothelium: The innermost layer, composed of a single layer of endothelial cells, responsible for maintaining corneal clarity by regulating fluid and electrolyte balance.
These layers work together to maintain the cornea’s transparency, structure, and function.
