Eagleview Eye Clinic

Archives February 2026

LEBER CONGENITAL AMAUROSIS

Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a rare, inherited retinal disorder present at birth or early infancy, causing severe vision loss.

  • Genetics: Autosomal recessive, with mutations in genes like RPE65, CEP290, GUCY2D.
  • Symptoms: Profound visual impairment, nystagmus (involuntary eye movement), sluggish or absent pupillary response, and often “ Franceschetti’s oculodigital sign” (eye poking).
  • Pathology: Disrupts photoreceptor function in the retina, stopping light from being processed into vision.
  • Diagnosis: Clinical exam, electroretinography (ERG shows little/no response), and genetic testing.
  • Treatment: No cure yet, but gene therapy (e.g., Luxturna for RPE65 mutations) has shown promise. Low-vision aids, mobility training, and early intervention help quality of life.

CORNEA DECOMPENSATION

👁️ Corneal decompensation happens when the endothelium (the inner layer of the cornea) fails to pump out fluid, causing corneal swelling (edema), cloudiness, and blurry vision.

  • Causes:
    • Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy (most common)
    • Trauma (surgical or accidental)
    • Long-term contact lens wear
    • Glaucoma or high eye pressure
    • Inflammation or infection
  • Symptoms:
    • Hazy or blurry vision (often worse in the morning)
    • Glare and light sensitivity
    • Eye discomfort or pain in advanced cases
    • Halos around lights
  • Stages:
    • Early: Mild swelling, subtle visual changes
    • Moderate: Noticeable edema, thickened cornea
    • Advanced: Bullae formation (epithelial blisters), pain, and risk of infection
  • Treatment:
    • Mild: Hypertonic saline drops/ointment to draw out fluid
    • Moderate: Reducing contributing factors (e.g., pressure control in glaucoma)
    • Severe: Endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK, DSAEK, or DMEK) — partial corneal transplant replacing only the damaged endothelial layer

ORCAM

👓 OrCam MyEye is a small, AI-powered device that clips onto glasses and helps people with visual impairments by “reading” text and identifying objects, faces, and products aloud.

  • Key features:
    • Text reading: Reads printed and digital text from books, screens, signs, and labels.
    • Facial recognition: Learns and announces names of people.
    • Object and product identification: Recognizes everyday items and barcodes.
    • Color and money detection: Helps identify colors and currency notes.
    • Voice commands: Hands-free control for easy operation.
  • How it works: The device uses a smart camera and AI algorithms to interpret visual information and deliver it as audio through a tiny speaker.
  • Benefits:
    • Promotes independence for visually impaired users.
    • Portable and discreet.
    • Supports multiple languages.
CORNEA NEOVASCULARIZATION

👓 Corneal neovascularization is the growth of new blood vessels into the cornea, typically as a response to injury, infection, or hypoxia.

  • Causes: Contact lens wear, infections (e.g., herpes simplex keratitis), trauma, or inflammation.
  • Effects: Can lead to vision impairment, scarring, or lipid deposition.
  • Symptoms: May cause redness, discomfort, or vision changes.
  • Management: Treats underlying cause, steroids, or anti-VEGF therapy in some cases.

CONDITIONS THAT CAN OCCUR FROM CONTACT LENS USE

😊 Contact lens misuse can lead to various eye issues, including:

  • Infections: Bacterial (e.g., bacterial keratitis), fungal, or viral (e.g., adenovirus).
  • Irritation and allergies: Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC), allergic reactions to lens solutions.
  • Corneal issues: Abrasions, ulcers, neovascularization, or dellen.
  • Hypoxia-related problems: Corneal edema, neovascularization.
  • Other: Dry eye, discomfort, or lens-related complications.

CORNEA DELLEN

👓 Corneal dellen (or dellen) refers to a localized thinning or depression in the peripheral cornea.

  • Causes: Often due to localized dehydration or inflammation, sometimes related to:
    • Contact lens use
    • Surgery or trauma
    • Adjacent lesions (e.g., pterygium)
  • Symptoms: May cause discomfort, irritation, or blurred vision.
  • Management: Often resolves with lubrication, discontinuing contact lens use, or treating underlying causes.

MORNING GLORY SYNDROME

👓 Morning glory syndrome is a rare congenital eye anomaly characterized by an abnormal optic disc.

  • Appearance: The optic disc looks like a morning glory flower, with a funnel-shaped excavation and radial retinal vessels.
  • Associated risks: Potential vision problems, retinal detachment, and other eye issues.
  • Causes: Congenital, possibly related to abnormal fetal development.
  • Management: Regular eye exams, monitoring for complications.
AIR PUFF TONOMETER

👓 The air puff tonometer is a non-contact device that measures intraocular pressure (IOP) by blowing a quick puff of air onto the cornea.

  • How it works: The device measures the corneal deformation caused by the air puff.
  • Advantages: No direct contact with the eye, reducing infection risk.
  • Common use: Often used for glaucoma screening and routine eye exams.
  • Considerations: Can be less accurate than contact tonometers (e.g., Goldmann).

TONOPEN TONOMETER

👓 To open a Perkins tonometer (for maintenance or calibration), you typically need to:

  1. Check the manual: Consult the manufacturer’s instructions for specific guidance.
  2. Handle with care: Tonometers are sensitive instruments.
  3. Common steps: Usually involves removing screws or a cover to access the internal mechanism.

If you’re looking to use the tonometer, ensure it’s properly calibrated and sterilized before measuring IOP.

PERKINS TONOMETER

👓 The Perkins tonometer is a handheld, portable device used to measure intraocular pressure (IOP).

  • Type: Applanation tonometer, similar to Goldmann tonometer.
  • Use: Commonly used in ophthalmology and optometry for glaucoma screening and monitoring.
  • How it works: Uses a small probe to gently touch the cornea, measuring IOP.
  • Advantages: Portable, easy to use, and provides accurate readings.

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