Eagleview Eye Clinic

Tag ey diseases

RETINAL GANGLION CELLS

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are a type of neuron in the retina. Key features:

  1. Signal transmission: RGCs receive visual information from bipolar cells and transmit it to the brain via the optic nerve.
  2. Visual processing: RGCs play a crucial role in processing visual information, including:
    • Detecting light intensity and patterns
    • Processing color and contrast
    • Detecting motion and direction
  3. Types: There are several types of RGCs, each responding to different visual stimuli.

RGCs are essential for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain, enabling us to perceive and interpret visual stimuli.

ORA SERRATA

The ora serrata is the serrated, anterior (front) edge of the retina, marking the transition from the non-photosensitive area of the eye to the photosensitive area. It is located near the junction of the ciliary body and the retina.

Key features:

  1. Anatomical location: The ora serrata is situated at the boundary between the retina and the ciliary body.
  2. Serrated appearance: It has a distinctive serrated or jagged edge.
  3. Transition zone: The ora serrata marks the transition from the non-photosensitive ciliary body to the photosensitive retina.

The ora serrata is an important anatomical landmark in the eye, and its location is relevant in various ophthalmic procedures and diagnoses.

LAYERS OF THE CHOROID

The choroid is a vascular layer in the eye between the sclera and retina. It consists of several layers:

1. Suprachoroid Lamina (or Suprachoroid Layer)

  • The outermost layer of the choroid, adjacent to the sclera.
  • Composed of loose connective tissue and melanocytes.

2. Choriocapillaris

  • A layer of capillaries that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the outer retina.
  • Fenestrated capillaries allow for the exchange of substances.

3. Bruch’s Membrane

  • A thin, acellular layer separating the choroid from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
  • Composed of collagen and elastin fibers.

These layers work together to provide nourishment to the retina and support its function. The choroid plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of the retina.

PUPIL

The pupil is the circular opening in the center of the iris, the colored part of the eye. It plays a crucial role in regulating the amount of light that enters the eye.

Key characteristics:

  1. Location: The pupil is located in the center of the iris.
  2. Function: The pupil:
    • Regulates light entry into the eye
    • Adjusts size to control light intensity
    • Helps maintain optimal vision
  3. Size adjustment: The pupil:
    • Constricts (gets smaller) in response to:
      • Bright light
      • Near vision
      • Certain medications
    • Dilates (gets larger) in response to:
      • Low light
      • Emotional arousal
      • Certain medications or substances
  4. Control: The pupil’s size is controlled by the autonomic nervous system, specifically the:
    • Parasympathetic nervous system (constriction)
    • Sympathetic nervous system (dilation)

Importance: The pupil’s ability to regulate light entry is essential for maintaining optimal vision, protecting the retina, and responding to changes in lighting conditions.

CORNEA

The cornea is the transparent, avascular (without blood vessels), dome-shaped surface at the front of the eye. It plays a crucial role in refracting (bending) light and protecting the eye.

Key characteristics:

  1. Transparency: The cornea is clear and transparent, allowing light to pass through.
  2. Structure: It consists of five layers:
    • Epithelium (outermost layer)
    • Bowman’s layer
    • Stroma (thickest layer)
    • Descemet’s membrane
    • Endothelium (innermost layer)
  3. Function: The cornea:
    • Refracts light, accounting for most of the eye’s focusing power
    • Protects the eye from external damage
    • Maintains the shape of the eye
  4. Sensitivity: The cornea is highly sensitive to touch, temperature, and chemicals.
  5. Nourishment: The cornea receives nutrients and oxygen from tears and the aqueous humor.

Importance: The cornea is essential for clear vision, and any damage, disease, or irregularity can significantly impact visual acuity.

STAGARDT DISEASE

Stargardt Disease

Stargardt disease is a:

  • Genetic eye disorder affecting the macula
  • Leading cause of inherited juvenile macular degeneration

Symptoms

  1. Vision loss: Central vision loss, blurred vision
  2. Color vision: Difficulty distinguishing colors
  3. Night vision: Impaired adaptation to darkness

Characteristics

  1. Macular degeneration: Damage to the macula, causing vision loss
  2. Lipofuscin accumulation: Abnormal buildup of lipofuscin in the retina

Treatment

  1. No cure: Currently, no cure available
  2. Supportive care: Regular eye exams, low vision aids
  3. Research: Ongoing studies on potential treatments, such as gene therapy

If you have Stargardt disease, consult an eye care professional or retina specialist for personalized advice and support to manage vision loss.

POLYCORIA

Irritant Conjunctivitis

Irritant conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva (the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye and inside of the eyelids) caused by:

  • Exposure to irritants like chemicals, smoke, or dust
  • Allergens or foreign substances

Symptoms

  1. Redness: Pink or red eyes
  2. Itching or burning: Discomfort in the eyes
  3. Discharge: Watery or sticky discharge
  4. Sensitivity to light: Photophobia

Treatment

  1. Avoid irritants: Remove or minimize exposure
  2. Flush eyes: With water or saline solution
  3. Artificial tears: To lubricate and soothe
  4. Cool compresses: To reduce discomfort

If symptoms persist or worsen, consult an eye care professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF PALM OIL

Palm oil other wise known as red oil is gotten from processing palm fronds. It one of the major condiments for cooking most Nigerian dishes.

Palm oil is highly rich in healthy vitamins and minerals that benefits humans in more ways than one.

Some of the health benefits of Palm oil includes

  1. It improves eye sight by virtue of it’s high beta carotene content.
  2. It very rich in vitamin E, which aids in anti- aging.
  3. It is rich in vitamin K which aids blood coagulation.
  4. It prevents the hair from greying fast while maintaining it’s strength.
  5. It boosts skin health.
  6. By reducing bad cholesterol ( Low density lipoprotein) while increasing good cholesterol High density lipoprotein, it aids improved cardiovascular function.